| Goal 3: ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for everyone at all ages.
Ensure healthy lives and promoting well-being at all ages is essential for sustainable development.
Today, the world is facing an unprecedented global health crisis; COVID-19 is spreading human suffering, destabilizing the global economy and dramatically changing the lives of billions of people around the world.
Before the pandemic, great strides were made to improve the health of millions of people. Specifically, these advances have been achieved by increasing life expectancy and reducing some of the common causes of death associated with infant and maternal mortality. However, more efforts are needed to completely eradicate a wide variety of diseases and address a large number of health problems, both ongoing and emerging. Through more efficient financing of health systems, better sanitation and hygiene, and greater access to medical personnel, significant progress can be made in helping to save the lives of millions of people.
Health emergencies like COVID-19 pose a global risk and have shown that preparedness is vital. The United Nations Development Program noted large differences in countries' capacities to deal with and recover from the COVID-19 crisis. The pandemic is a turning point when it comes to preparing for health emergencies and investing in vital public services in the 21st century.
Response to COVID-19
The World Health Organization (WHO) has been leading the global effort to combat COVID-19. The Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan, developed by WHO and partners, outlines the public health actions that countries must take to prepare for and respond to COVID-19. The April 2020 Strategy Update provides additional guidance for the public health response to COVID-19 at the national and subnational levels and highlights the coordinated support that is needed from the international community to meet the challenge posed by COVID-19.
Individuals and organizations wishing to help fight the pandemic and support WHO and its partners can donate through the COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund, which helps WHO's work to track and understand the spread of the virus, ensure that patients receive the care they need and frontline workers obtain essential supplies and information and accelerate research and development of a vaccine and treatments for all who need it.
WHO, together with partners, also guides and advises people to take care of their mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially health professionals, health center managers, people caring for children, the elderly, lonely people and society, more generally.
The pandemic is much more than a health crisis. It requires a response from governments and society as a whole equivalent to the determination and sacrifice of health professionals on the front lines.
| Notable Data
child health
17,000 fewer children die every day than in 1990, but more than five million children die each year before their fifth birthday today.
Since 2000, measles vaccines have prevented nearly 15.6 million deaths.
Despite progress across the world, mortality among children under 5 remains high in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Four out of five deaths of children under the age of five occur in these regions.
Children who are born poor are almost twice as likely to die before age five as those from wealthier families.
Children of educated mothers, even mothers with only elementary education, are more likely to survive than children of uneducated mothers.
maternal health
Maternal mortality has decreased by 37% since 2000.
In East Asia, North Africa and South Asia, maternal mortality has declined by about two-thirds.
But the maternal mortality rate - the proportion of mothers who do not survive childbirth compared to those who do - in developing regions is still 14 times higher than in developed regions.
More women are receiving prenatal care. In developing regions, prenatal care increased from 65% in 1990 to 83% in 2012.
Only half of women in developing regions receive the recommended amount of medical care they need.
In most developing regions, fewer teenagers have children, but that progress has slowed. The great increase in the use of contraceptives that took place in the 1990s does not match that of the 2000s.
The need for family planning is slowly being met for more women, while the demand continues to increase rapidly.
HIV / AIDS, Malaria and other diseases
In 2017, 36.9 million people were living with HIV.
21.7 million had access to antiretroviral therapy in 2017.
About 1.8 million people were infected with HIV in 2017.
940,000 died of AIDS-related illnesses in 2017.
77.3 million people have been infected with HIV since the epidemic began.
35.4 million people have died from AIDS-related illnesses since the epidemic began.
Tuberculosis remains the leading cause of death among people living with HIV, accounting for approximately one in three AIDS-related deaths.
Globally, adolescent girls and young women face gender inequalities, exclusion, discrimination and violence, putting them at greater risk of contracting HIV.
HIV is the leading cause of death for women of childbearing age worldwide.
AIDS is now the leading cause of death among adolescents (10-19 years) in Africa and the second most common cause of death among adolescents worldwide.
Between 2000 and 2015, more than 6.2 million deaths from malaria were averted, primarily among children under the age of five in sub-Saharan Africa. The global incidence rate of malaria decreased by 37% and mortality rates by 58%.
| Goal 3
3.1 By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality rate to less than 70 per 100,000 live births
3.2 By 2030, end preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age, with all countries trying to reduce neonatal mortality to at least 12 per 1,000 live births, and mortality of children under 5 years of age to at least 25 per 1,000 live births
3.3 By 2030, end epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases and fight hepatitis, waterborne diseases and other communicable diseases
3.4 By 2030, reduce premature mortality from noncommunicable diseases by one-third through prevention and treatment and promote mental health and well-being
3.5 Strengthen prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol
3.6 By 2020, halve the number of deaths and injuries caused by road accidents in the world
3.7 By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health services, including family planning, information and education, and the integration of reproductive health into national strategies and programs
3.8 Achieve universal health coverage, in particular protection from financial risks, access to quality essential health services, and access to safe, effective, affordable and quality medicines and vaccines for all
3.9 By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses caused by hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution
3.a Strengthen the application of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in all countries, as appropriate
3.b Support research and development of vaccines and medicines for communicable and non-communicable diseases that primarily affect developing countries and facilitate access to essential medicines and affordable vaccines, in accordance with the Doha Declaration on the Agreement on TRIPS and Public Health, which affirms the right of developing countries to make maximum use of the provisions of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights with respect to flexibility to protect public health and, in particular, provide access to medicines for all
3.c Substantially increase health financing and the recruitment, development, training, and retention of the health workforce in developing countries, especially in LDCs and Small Island Developing States
3.d Strengthen the capacity of all countries, especially developing countries, in early warning, risk reduction, and national and global health risk management
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